Public Health Policy in Australia

Public Health Policy in Australia Section 1 Healthy public policy is an denotative pertain for equity of health in all field of policy and for the benefit to impact in health. The importance of public health policy is to make a positive environment to enable people to lead healthy lives. Healthy public policy create a healthy choices possible for the citizens’ concerns. Public policy creates a physical and social environment of healthy lifestyle. As government sector pursuit of healthy public policy concerned with trade, education, agriculture, industry and communication require to take into account for the healthy consequences of their decisions in policy and these sectors should be answerable for the health consequences of their decisions in policy. The government should play an important role in healthy public policy for the economic consideration (1†¦.). According to the Catherine Althaus policies are theory about the world, some flourish while other shrivel up, the better designed the theory, the more tested its assumption’s, the greater the chance of success.(4..) The healthiness amends Quality of life, Productivity of workforce, Learning capacity, Strengthens of family and community. The government are responsible for making policy and allocate resources for the implemented policies, basically public policy can be defined as a system of law, course of action, regulatory measures and funding priorities regarding a given promulgated topic by a governmental representatives or entity.(3..) What is Health in All Policies (HiAP)? According to the definition of World Health Organization Health in All Policies (HiAp) is an approach path to public policies across sectors that consistently takes into account that the health decisions implications, synergies searches and destructive health impacts, avoidance in order to improve health and health equity of population. It also related to rights and obligations and improves accountability of impact in health policymakers at all levels of policymaking. The HiAP include a vehemence on the consequences of public policies on health systems, healthy wellbeing, and health determinants and contributes to sustainability of developments (2..). The HiAP approach are as follows; It ameliorates the public policy maker’s accountability for health impacts at all stages of policy making. It admits an emphasis on the effects of public policies on health systems, determinants of health and well-being. It contributes to sustainable development. Social determinants of health (SDH)is the core concept of HiAP in which health and wellbeing of the population is shaped. According to the definition of world health Organisation SDH is a conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live and age and theses circumstances are shaped by the distribution of money, power and resources at global, local and national levels(5†¦). For example transport, housing, education and the environment are some of the factors which affect health and wellbeing which lies outside of the main function of health systems and these are some of the broad changing areas in which most significant improvement in health and life expectancy over the 150 years and are not directly attributed to improvement in health care (6†¦). Health in all policy is a way of government working across to achieve better public policy results and simultaneously improve health of population and wellbeing consequences. A healthy population has positive impacts on economy, sustainability and productivity in which it benefit all sectors and society as a whole (6†¦.). How public policy are formed in Australia? In Australia the public policy is formulated not only by the influence of politicians but by contribution of many public servants and thousands of men and women who file the petition to parliament and ministers who join interest group, by media comment, union, corporation and community movements. The entire community is effected by public policy(4†¦.). The policy procedure are generally follow a logical system and that system seeks to structure the way problems are empathized and introduced, so that the decision makers can hear about the issues, understand options, learn of informed opinion, make choices, test their decision and evaluate their actions.(4..). Section 2 Issues are multi –sectorial and involve a range of interesting group Yes, according to the Food Security Policy it is clearly states about the multi sectorial issues which mostly affects Low income households such as sole parent, students English low proficiency peoples mainly newly migrants and refugees Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Northern suburbs householders People with mental illness or weak older adults who needed support for daily activities People with stress or who were homeless. HPP involves commerce, industry, voluntary, Organisation, community and government Yes, the Food Security Policy has been implemented with local government food security policy project which is funded by Victorian Department of Health. The main goal of this policy is to achieve to reduce the prevalence and impact of food insecurity. HPP involves the representation of: †¢ Northern Area Mental Health Service †¢ Neami Darebin †¢ Austin Health †¢ Northern Division of General Practice †¢ Spectrum Migrant Resource Centre †¢ Department of Health †¢ North East Primary Care Partnership †¢ Planning for a Healthier North †¢ Women’s Health in the North †¢ Mental Illness Fellowship of Victoria Darebin Community Health Darebin Council Community Health and Safety Officers **Table is created according to the information of â€Å"The Food Security Policy† data. Health risks are global and not confined to regional boundaries Yes, the Food security is a global issue which will affect the future food security due to the climate change and increasing the demand if food production resource were reduced worldwide. According to the 2014 repot around 805 million people that is one in nine of the world’s population were chronically undernourished. The vast majority of this issues in developing country. (7†¦)According to the city food security policy. Current global climate change will affect the global food insecurity and that will continue to grow the capacity to produce and distribute food undernourishment due to the changes in water scarcity, food producing land for production of bio fuels, degradation of lands and land lose due to urbanization due to these above factors will increase the demand for food as the grows of population. Simultaneously will impact the community and household level with increased food price, increased transportation price and utilities price as well. The above factors al so will influence the food that will be available with increased local product, more depends on seasonal products and low processed product such as meat, dairy and imported food items. Thus will mostly effect the average community household to manage due to its affordability and vulnerable to food insecurity(8†¦.). HPP aims should be educational and not persuasive This is a limited rational because the report only explains about the food security policy should focus to educate the following issues such as Daily intake of vegetable and fruit particularly for disadvantaged groups. Lack of knowledge and skills related to healthy cooking and eating habits. Lack of knowledge about the Australian food products and how to use and this effect mostly newly migrants who don’t speak English. Lack of motivation and cooking healthy meals on a daily basis. Action for HPP takes many forms lobby groups, local community action. Limited because according to the report the local government capacity is limited to address the determinants of food security which are complex and influenced by global environmental, economic and social factors that are related to skill and production of food. The state and federal leadership on this issue of food security has been minimal and slow issue. The local government are showing their leadership in the food security area slowly because of need in their local community. The HPP of the Food Security Policy has been designed to reflect areas of action where local government can play a role in addressing local food security issues through both broad systemic response and social welfare around local land use planning, environmental sustainability and transport. HPP is intrinsically a political activity. No, the HPP of City Food Security Policy is not a political activity. The policy of food security is formed due to the city council’s community planning, partnership and performance of department are carry importance for the co-ordination of Food Security Policy. The council are responsible for the implementation of particular aspects of the policy making. Policy Summery The main benefit of developing such food security policy is to recognize the local government limited capacity to explain the determinants of food security which are complex and determined by global environmental changes, social factors and economic that related to production and acquisition of food. The HPP of Darebin also admitted that local government carry an important role play for responding to undernourishment of food insecurity to their municipal setting and how they can improve by implementing such HPP in which HPP contributing for making local and regional food supplies for accessibility in the future. Section 3 Health is multiphase and no more defined in terms of disease and illness or according to the WHO definition of health Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†(†¦..), rather it is enlaced with social prevailing, economic, political and condition of environment where more food sustainability or access for land. According to Kaplan the major reason of disease and population suffering are rooted firmly in the social, behavioral and psychological world in which people grow, live and die are embedded in multiple factors of geographical, environmental, institutional and economic circumstances (9). The most responsibility for health inequities is due to the social determinates of health. When viewed through social health lens, the health inequities and public health opportunity which enables community health, planning and community priority circumstance is inconsistently used (10†¦). Health inequities is due to the social determinants of health within countries are influenced by political power, economically and socially unacceptable which is avoidable and unfair. The Health public policies made in all sectors can have profound effect on health of a population and health equity. The health of world is shaped by the demographic changes, climate change, globalization and urbanization. Some of the diseases disappear due to the living conditions improvement and in developing countries many poverty diseases is still present, this all factors will improve by implementing health public policy for the benefit of community and future development. In order to improve the population health and social determinants of health, Health in All policies is relevant method of public policy approach that accounts systematically into account, the decision implication in health and avoid harmful health impacts (11†¦). What are the major different between Health public policy and Health in All policy? Health public policy(HPP) Health in All Policy (HiAP) The redistribution of public policy income through : Pension provisions unemployment insurance child care (12†¦) giving opportunity to people to adopt healthy lifestyle; preventing people to adopt unhealthy lifestyle; and Creating healthy physical and social environments.(13..) The HiAP reflects the principles of legitimacy, accountability, Transparency (2..) Health implications of decisions, seeks synergies, Avoids harmful health impacts Improve population health and health equity. It access to information, participation, sustainability, and collaboration across sectors and levels of government (2..) *** Table is created according to the reference data given above. The benefit of Implication of Health policy is to plan, action and decision that are beneficial to achieve target society health care goals. Health policy outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups and builds consensus and informs people (14..).For example the Food Security Policy distinguishes that local government is limited in its capacity to address all of the determinants of food security by implication of policy will improve the ongoing supply of nutritious and sustainable food available, and improving access to the available food supply, particularly for those who are most vulnerable to food insecurity (15..).The target group of this policy is Low income households ( sole person, sole parent and student ) English low proficiency people( new migrants and refugees ) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Northern suburbs Households People with a mental illness or disability (15†¦) The new public health approach will brings changes in environment and preventive measures with appropriate therapeutic interventions, especially to old age community and disabled persons. However the new public health will recognizes the health lifestyle problems and Underlying health lifestyle problems are concrete issues of local and national public policy and require to address issues by variety of Health Public Policies and the policies in all sectors will support the Health promotion. (16..)

Importance of Education Essay

Education is the word which has the origin of latin. The original word is Educare (In Latin) which means to bring up. Education helps one to shape his/her future and It moulds the personality of an individual. Now a day’s people think that education would help them in their money making purposes. Definitely it is false view. Each one of us have different medium and of different cultural norms. However everybody is united through EDUCATION. It is quite very clear that, it mould a personal to put his knowledge in more useful things. There are many reasons Why Education is More Important? But the main basic reasons where education is more important is, It train up human minds which is incomplete without education. It shows the right path, think right and to make decisions in right time. Only throught the attainment of education, man is able to received information from his society, they are able to acquaint themself with past history. Education helps the human being in every aspects of their life. With good education of this generation government takes care in the progress in developing the country. The central and State government have announced many schemes for the children’s education, every child should receive their primary education. Now education is viewed as a vital key to success in life, and knowledge has become every individual’s aim or concern. The Eminent Scholars think that only through education one can make the country flourished. Even now many poor people believe that they can earn more by sending their wards to work. On the other hand it is a great blender. They couldn’t give basic education to their wards. Even though we have improved our literacy rate, there is a existence of uneducated persons. Every learned citizens of the country should ensure the education of the fellow citizen. We can say that a person will not be in proper sense when he is uneducated. Education is the need of an hour. It the one of the important things which differentiates the human being from the other creatures. It makes the uncivilized as civilized in their society. It brings more precisely, the perceived goal to make the individual better in the society.

Wall Street Pushed America into World War I - 2690 Words

World War I: A War for Wall Street At the end of the 19th and into the beginning of the 20th century, Wall Street was gaining momentum as its influence expanded from commercial business into political affairs. The economy rapidly shifted from an agricultural to an industrial market, opening up opportunities for the United States to rise to the ranks of a world power. With the creation of an industrial market came the increase of wealthy owners with the funds to control an economy. These wealthy men would use their money to control the United States economy, helping with many economic crises that would come in the near future and placing themselves in the political scene of the United States. Wall Street was booming as a result of the new capitalistic culture and government did little to obstruct the growing businesses. Monopolies were formed, and exploitation of labor was a regular occurrence, but Wall Street had the influence to do what they desired. They exercised this power to push the United States into World War I. Wall Street loaned the Allies billions of dollars and needed the Allies to win the war. Thus, when President Woodrow Wilson was faced with the decision of whether or not to enter to war to support the Allied cause, the large business owners, particularly, J.P. Morgan, joined the debate both directly and indirectly, using their influence to sway the decision. Wall Street needed the Allies to win the war, and influenced United States’ entrance into WorldShow MoreRelatedTerrorism Is A Modern Political And Economic Topic On America1376 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism has become a modern political and economic topic in America. It is the existence of Terrorists attacks in America that has changed the way people travels both domestic and foreign and also now viewed as an issue and conflicts that exist within the nation’s borders and domestically (Shemella, 373 ). The United States has since be a country with ideal ability to protect the many citizens from attacks and liv e in peace, but the infiltration of terrorist has kept a change in Americans heartRead MoreAmerica ´s Options with World War II1302 Words   |  5 PagesPrior to America entering World War Two they were faced with multiple options to aid the struggling allies and the persecuted Jews. The most prominent option was the allotting of a higher immigration rate for the Jewish people fleeing Europe, another option they were presented with was a total boycott of Germany, the final option was an entrance into the war which after just exiting World War One the American People were rigidly opposed to war . These actions, especially the allotting of higher immigrationRead MoreThe Great Depression And Its Effects On Society Essay1548 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Depression began in 1929 and continued to ravage the families of New Zealand and the majority of the world until 1935, with devastating effects. The stock market crash caused massive economic downturn therefore generating unemploym ent on a scale never seen before, and negative impact on society. Political action and reform was required, though initially the government did not provide an adequate response to the problem. The group that was most affected was in fact men, which were in thisRead MoreJane Jacobs ´ Theory of Development1064 Words   |  4 Pagesequally or even fairly among the majority of the population in the United States. Wealth inequality is becoming more apparent throughout the years due to occurrences from wars breaking out to natural disasters such as famines and tsunamis to high profile greed; inequality has risen to a new high. More and more people are being pushed into the 99%. The fact that 99% are the least wealthy shows how everybody is not flourishing as a majority. As Coral Davenport has said regarding wealth inequality, â€Å"InRead MoreThe Great Depression : Severe Economic Crisis1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Depression had a major impact on the economy and the people who experienced the event. The people began to buy products only when the money was available, and became conservatives for the remainder of their lives. The United States was pushed into having a better economic system because of the Great Depression. Previous to the Great Depression, the governments usually took little or no action in the times of the downturn of businesses, instead they relied on neutral market forces to attainRead MoreThe War I Was A Good Leader Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesSome of his Pros would be that he led Americans during World War 2, and he was a very good leader. Then there are a bunch of things that people have mixed feelings about like him taking America a step forward as far as isolationism. Then his cons would be that he had introduced deficit spending, served 4 terms and the completely unnecessary japanese internment camps. I think my liberal parents were mostly correct in deeming FDR a GREAT leader, though he had some real faults. He did not crash theRead MoreAnalysis Of George A. Romero s Gory Film Land Of The Dead1304 Words   |  6 Pagesmindset of instinctively hunting down and devouring the living. Those wounded by a zombie, become zombies themselves. Warm Bodies leans more towards the romance and comedy rather than horror. Whilst remaining true to the ideal zombie, the envelope is pushed with the unexpected direction that Romero hinted at in Land of the Dead (2005). A Romance zombie genre does not always present itself as obvious as it would in any other type of film, with that being said it is not entirely impossible either. WarmRead MoreThe Life of Rita Bardor1592 Words   |  6 Pagesfront of her house. Life in Germany was not always peaceful before the war, but at least there was not any conundrum as to how life was going to be. Her parents were inside the house, bickering whether to flee or not to the United States. In between the verbal fight going on with her parents, Rita stared up in the sky, with a look of aspiration. She had planned to become a nurse, but with the onslaught of the Second World War, it seemed to her that the future was only about surviving, at any costsRead MoreGeorge W. Bush : Legacy Of His Presidency1637 Words   |  7 PagesConnecticut, along with some of his brothers and sisters, Jeb, Neil, Marvin, Robin, and Dorothy. (Rountree, 1) Not only was his father into the politics, but also was his grandfather, Prescott Bush. Not only was Prescott a former banker for the world famous Wall Street, but he also happened to be a progressive Republican senator from Connecticut in his former days. (biography.com) You may think his political heritage ends there, yet his great-grandfather was a Vice President in the White House, a diplomatRead MoreAttack on the World Trade Center1620 Words   |  7 Pagesgoing in and out of the World Trade Center. Millions of the people were in morning rush hour on their way from their homes to work. The World Trade Center was a symbol of U.S. power and financial strength, but that was about to change. A few minutes after 9:00 a.m., the sky was not sunny and clear as it had just been minutes before. There was smoke, dust, and debris everywhere. Two jet airplanes, hijacked by religious terrorists, crashed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center and blowup.

Analysis Blind By The Transport Accident Commission

A. Describe the various strategies used to communicate the message of both campaigns (include the slogans, graphics, statistics, media used). (10 marks) 1 ½ page There has been numerous campaigns to raise awareness and reduce accidents and fatalities, including ‘Blind’ by TAC (Transport Accident Commission), ‘Get Your Hand Off It’ by NSW Centre for Road Safety,‘Don’t trust your tired self’ by NSW Centre for Road Safety and ‘Stop Revive Survive’ by NSW Centre for Road Safety which identify and attempt to prevent Driver Distraction and Driver Fatigue. ‘Blind’ by the Transport Accident Commission is a renown campaign established in 2013 which utilises a short but effective 45 second commercial and website to clearly illustrate the†¦show more content†¦However, as soon as he raises his head, there are three cyclists in front of his vehicle, he swerves right instantly, dodging the cyclists narrowly and the camera pans to his strained face. His phone later sounds with a notification (another common modern distraction for many drivers) and he instinctively peeks at the device. The screen turns black again and a grave sounding voice-over narrates that if the driver is distracted for simply two seconds at 50 kilometres per hour, they’ll travel 27 metres blind. When the driver shifts his focus to the road again, there is a schoolgirl alighting from a school bus and there is insufficient time to brake, the car skids forward, the driver hits the child as she screams and he stares in shock. It ends with the slogan ‘distraction leads to disaster’ to reinforce the idea that an interference with a driver’s attention or line of sight will result in consequences such as car crashes or injury. the TAC icon and State Government Victoria icon also appear on the black and white screen as sponsors. The website states that ‘the average person’s reaction time to an event is 1.8 seconds’ which directly impacts the severity of their injury and possibility of an accident. It takes approximately four seconds before a distracted driver can react. There is a clear table to display the distance travelled by a driver at varied speeds of 2 seconds. The lowest speed identified in the table being 40 kilometres per hour