Theories of Social Inequality Essay Example for Free

Theories of Social Inequality Essay Karl Marx’s theory to explain social inequality is based on the unequal division of resources between two groups: bourgeoisie and the proletariat, or the wealthy/business owners and the laborers. According to Marx, the bourgeoisie have the monetary power to gain economical resources, as they own the businesses where the proletariat must work to gain money to survive. The bourgeoisie maintains this position by paying the proletariat just enough to provide for his or her basic needs of survival. Marx states that the bourgeoisie create the social rules, cultural values and norms, and the proletariat goes along with it. This idea is the basis for what Marx calls, â€Å"false consciousness,† which is the idea that the† system† is working and there is no reason to change it because the proletariat hopes that one day he will become the bourgeoisie; this false hope is what keeps social inequality in a perpetual cycle. Marx believed that social inequality can be resolved through the abolishment of capitalism altogether. He suggested that this could be made possible if the proletariat would stand up and revolt, and rise up against capitalism by refusing to work and sell their very valuable labor, which the bourgeoisie needs in order to survive. Marx did not see social inequality as inevitable, unlike Max Weber. The basis for Weber’s theory can be found in Karl Marx’s theory, but takes it a step further and breaks the social structure up even more. According to Max Weber’s theory behind social inequality, there are three major components that play into creating an unequal division in society: social class, status in society, and political parties. Each group directly relates to one another, although they are not all the same thing. Weber contends that social classes are divided because of certain lifestyles or opportunities that are given to a person. If a person is born into a wealthy family, he or she is automatically provided with a lifestyle that will propel him or her into success through money and/or properties, which inevitably creates an opportunity for power. This demonstrates how money and power clearly shapes classes. Classes do not always make up communities though. Communities are shaped by social status, which is one thing that Weber is clear about. Social status is defined by the opportunity for a wealthy lifestyle. The main difference between status and class is that of the value system within each of the groups. Through a lifestyle that one lives, ideals and values are developed, which creates one’s political stance. Political parties are a direct reflection of the pattern that creates class and social status. They are all intermingled: class determines social status, which shapes ideals within a political party. Weber makes a strong argument that social stratification is inevitable or â€Å"guaranteed† because lifestyles (which you are born into) create status groups and once those are established, over a period of time, the people accept them as status quo. Once a standard of life is set, it is rarely moved. Karl Marx’ theory behind social inequality is most compelling. It explains that social inequality, which is detrimental to so many, can be resolved. His theory gives hope for resolution and even offers a plan of action to do so, yet there have been little done by those who feel like they are oppressed by the unjust division of resources to rise up and change the system which oppresses them. Marx’ theory is timeless and continues to speak to those issues which are seen in today’s society.

An Overview Into Green Tea Market Of Thailand Marketing Essay

An Overview Into Green Tea Market Of Thailand Marketing Essay One of the most popular markets in Thailand apparently is the green tea market. The competition is fierce, old and new faces, big and small, and all of them have the expectation that the sales of their green tea products will soar up in the chart eventually. Oishi Group Public Company Limited, nobody in Thailand will never heard of this company as it is the current green tea leader, is expecting that the market value will reach impressive ten billion baht by the end of this year. The currently green tea market value is at eight billion baht. Such as the new players, T.A.C. Beverage Company Limited has invested about 50 million baht to promote the new products, green tea products Shenya. They have launch two flavours of Shenya into the market. As the same as other players, their products are shelved in most of the convenience stores. Regarding the promotional strategy by T.A.C. beverage Company Limited plans to increase the growth through a discount rate in price strategy, that it will sell their product Shenya at 15 baht for a set period of time, as other selling it at 20 baht. Another notable green tea company is Uni-President Company Limited. They launch the green tea products to Thailand in 2001, as we all know in the name of Unif brand or as we know Unif-Green Tea. The company use to be the market leader of green tea until Oishi took over the throne for a short time. Unif and Osishi have been encounter to each other for over the past year and exchanging their seat on the top of green tea pedestal many times. The stance of Unif was to boost sales, and try to capture public attention by make use of emotional advertisement campaigns. One good example of it is the worm television advertisement. And at the same time, Oishi was investing in hi-technological as in anti-contaminated equipment. Oishi tend to use the strategy as in concerning the customer relationship management. As to be mention earlier that most green tea firms distribute their products at different convenience stores. But, Oishi has decided to sell their green tea products at any place that the crowd of people gather together, such as sport festival or entertainment events. With this strategy, Oishi would be able to penetrate and get in touch with different type of customers more effectively and easily. PESTEL Analysis P-Political Political problem will affect the trade political conditions E-Economic Raw material price is varying. When raw material price become vary, the company cannot adjust the price of the product to match with the price of it raw material. S-Social As the worker employment rate increase, the supply of employment surely increases but the paid decrease. T-Technology Technology development in information and specific communication using internet. The opportunity by using internet increase as to do marketing activities in which including more competitors. E-Environmental In the present day people turn to a healthy and more environmental friendly product. -The compete of business specific in idea about concern healthy to increase adaptation. In business area the competition in a specific idea concerning health have become more popular to increase adaptation L-Legal Concerning the opening hour for department store. There are many factors in which will affect the decision of managers of many organizations, the help analysis those factors, PESTEL model can be used. The Political factors, in which the policies in which government have set the opening hour of department store or office in which can affect the revenue of the company easily. However, the organization still has the help of 7-eleven in which can be open 24 hour, selling ratio product over night. Also the Political problem can affect the trade political condition as the trader will become more worry about the situation inside the country. Economic factors will related to the raw material price in which if the price is vary the company will have a hard time or sometime cannot adjust the price of the product to match the price of the raw material correctly. It is a grave matter in gaining profit or causing a loss if the price is too unstable. Worker employment rate is related to the social factors. It is good that the rate of employment i ncreasing mean people got jobs to do and get paid, but the paid will be decreasing as in common sense. Technology factor is an important factor that will support the company reputation and marketing. By using internet and development of communication marketing activities become more fierce and also with more competition. Environment factor is the factor that people have paid attention to in the present day as by using a material that preserving the environmental friendly will increase the good reputation for the company and in return the customers will gain a healthy diet product from the company. For the legal factor issue will be related to the political factor as to be concerning about the opening hour for department store. Five Forces Model Current rivalry among existing firms: Threat: -The growth in sale of industry is slow -High cost of fixing and inventory storage costs. -No switching cost or differentiation -Large additional of capacity space require. -Vary of competitors. Opportunity -Few competitors -Not much of strong opponents -Low risk strategy -Easy to exit Potential entry of new competitors: Threat: -Potential cost disadvantages doesnt exist -Not much different in products. -Require a minimal amount of capital -Minimal switching costs -Government policy protection is out of reach. Opportunity: -Large economic scale -Able to control distribution access channel. Potential development of substitute products: Threat: -Few or little substitutes of goods. -Several not-so-good substitutes. Opportunity: -None Bargaining power of suppliers: Threat: -A supplier is enabling or able to gain ability to do whatever the buying industry does. Opportunity: -Supplying industry has a lot of companies. -Substitute product do exist for suppliers -Industry is count as an important customer. -Minimal switching cost in supplier product -Differential in suppliers product doesnt exist. Bargaining power of consumers: Threat: -Complete information will be present for the buyer -Having a standard in purchases or undifferentiated -Purchases are significant part -Buyer may have to faces few switching cost. Opportunity: -Buyers purchase small amount of volumes -Buyer is unable to manufacture products. We have used five forces model to analyze the industry and competitors of Oishi Green Tea. The results above provide at the top have shown the result of analyzing the five force model. As the result has shown, there is only one topic as low bargaining power of suppliers that provide a positive result for Oishi. In contrast, there are 4 topics that have high current rivalry among the existing firm, high potential entry of new competitors, high substitute products nod high bargaining power of buyers will definitely giving a negative effect on Oishi company. As in conclude, this industry, the market is not attractive to Oishi. The company should widen and invest more in to other industry such as a coffee market for example. In present day, Oishi has launch new brand as Coffio to expand their business.

Womens Studies Essays -- Analysis, Evelyn Nakano Glenn

Evelyn Nakano Glenn, Professor of Gender and Women’s Studies and of Ethnic Studies at Berkeley, University of California serves as Founding Director of the University’s Center for Race and Gender (Glenn 2). It is a leading American center in the study of intersectionality amongst genders, class social groups, institutions and race. Her scholarly work includes focus on the dynamics of gender, race and the prevailing processes of inequality and exclusion in class structures in the social setting. Her earlier work included the documentation of neglected women employed in the domestic services sector, due to their skin color (race) and that of women holding clerical posts. This led her into historical research on the issue of gender structure and race in the structural makeup of the local labor markets and hitherto consequences of the American labor market on the positions of the workers. This included the forms of resistance/ self-preservation available to them. She has al so engaged in the comparative analysis of gender and race in the construction of citizenship and labor across the United States of America. Her upbringing greatly influenced her critical thinking and perspective of the world, due to her racial background and the situation of the time. In the aftermath of the Pearl Harbor tragedy, her parents were among thousands of other Japanese Americans imprisoned in American internment camps. The war pitted the Axis powers against the Allied forces, with the latter eventually emerging the victors. This shaped the political and philosophical thoughts of the time with Liberalism emerging as the dominant theory of the time. Others that were to subsequently emerge were in one way or the other linked to this thought with some aspec... ... same character traits. Proper and sequential legislation addressing these issues should be passed based on them either as a grouping or in their individual aspects. This is to ensure better understanding, appreciation and acknowledgement of every human being that composes the global community. In conclusion, Evelyn Nakano Glenn’s scholarly work includes focus on the dynamics of gender, race and the prevailing processes of inequality and exclusion in class structures in the social setting. She considers Liberalism, as a political thought, entails the plurality of actors in the international political arena and Republicanism as an Ideology that is embraced by the citizenry of a republic. This has been exemplified by the widely held ideal of the American â€Å"worker citizen† as being the twin attributes of ‘whiteness/ blackness and ‘masculinity/feminism.

Analysis of Two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Essay -- The Tragedy

An analysis of two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. By using the heath and castles as contrasting settings in Macbeth, William Shakespeare reinforces and reflects various themes present throughout the play. Through the combined use of these settings, he contrasts notions of security and danger, fairness and foulness, and the natural and supernatural. Although the heath is a meeting place for evil and is represented as a grim location through a number of methods, the heath itself is safe. Contrarily, the castles that Macbeth inhabits, both Inverness and Dunsinane, are repeatedly described as safe, secure, and welcoming. These castles, however, are far more dangerous than the heath, acting more as traps than shelter. The notions of fairness and foulness are also reversed at the heath and the castles in the play. The witches at the heath are relatively benign and only deliver prophecies of truth to Macbeth, while conceptions of fairness are repeatedly distorted to the point of foulness at the castles he inhabits. Finally, while it is certainly true that the witches represent the supernatural world, the supernatural deeds which occur at the heath are far more subtle when compared to the unnatural events which take place in the castles. By examining the plot developments which transpire in their respective settings, one can conclude that Shakespeare intentionally contrasts the settings of the play with the deeds that happen there, creating a strong separation from appearance and reality throughout the play. First, the concepts of security and danger are constantly in question when referring to the settings of the heath and the castle. As Hecate proclaims to the witches, â€Å"security / Is mortals’ chiefest enemy† (Mac. ... ...med to his table. By examining the use of setting in Macbeth, one can infer that the castles in the play are the setting for much more horrid deeds than the heath. Although the heath is represented as a dark, scary place inhabited by creatures of the supernatural, no character is ever killed, or even injured there. The heath is safer than Macbeth’s castles, which are the scenes of multiple murders. Far more foulness evidently occurs at Macbeth’s homes, despite their pleasant appearance. This interesting contradiction resonates in the witches’ proclamation â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (Mac. 1.1.11), suggesting the duality of the settings in the play. The setting which appears most foul, the heath, is actually a relatively harmless place, while the castles, despite their fair appearance and inhabitants, are the scene of the supernatural, foulness and danger. Analysis of Two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Essay -- The Tragedy An analysis of two settings in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. By using the heath and castles as contrasting settings in Macbeth, William Shakespeare reinforces and reflects various themes present throughout the play. Through the combined use of these settings, he contrasts notions of security and danger, fairness and foulness, and the natural and supernatural. Although the heath is a meeting place for evil and is represented as a grim location through a number of methods, the heath itself is safe. Contrarily, the castles that Macbeth inhabits, both Inverness and Dunsinane, are repeatedly described as safe, secure, and welcoming. These castles, however, are far more dangerous than the heath, acting more as traps than shelter. The notions of fairness and foulness are also reversed at the heath and the castles in the play. The witches at the heath are relatively benign and only deliver prophecies of truth to Macbeth, while conceptions of fairness are repeatedly distorted to the point of foulness at the castles he inhabits. Finally, while it is certainly true that the witches represent the supernatural world, the supernatural deeds which occur at the heath are far more subtle when compared to the unnatural events which take place in the castles. By examining the plot developments which transpire in their respective settings, one can conclude that Shakespeare intentionally contrasts the settings of the play with the deeds that happen there, creating a strong separation from appearance and reality throughout the play. First, the concepts of security and danger are constantly in question when referring to the settings of the heath and the castle. As Hecate proclaims to the witches, â€Å"security / Is mortals’ chiefest enemy† (Mac. ... ...med to his table. By examining the use of setting in Macbeth, one can infer that the castles in the play are the setting for much more horrid deeds than the heath. Although the heath is represented as a dark, scary place inhabited by creatures of the supernatural, no character is ever killed, or even injured there. The heath is safer than Macbeth’s castles, which are the scenes of multiple murders. Far more foulness evidently occurs at Macbeth’s homes, despite their pleasant appearance. This interesting contradiction resonates in the witches’ proclamation â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (Mac. 1.1.11), suggesting the duality of the settings in the play. The setting which appears most foul, the heath, is actually a relatively harmless place, while the castles, despite their fair appearance and inhabitants, are the scene of the supernatural, foulness and danger.

Bone Diseases :: essays research papers fc

Bone diseases most directly influence the ability to walk or to move any part of the body--hands, limbs, neck, and spine. They are related to joint disorders--ARTHRITIS, COLLAGEN DISEASE, DISLOCATION of joints, and RHEUMATISM. The medical specialty pertaining to bone disorders is ORTHOPEDICS. Fractures are the most common bone disorders. They can occur as the result of an accident or be secondary to metabolic diseases. Fractures are life-threatening to aged people having the metabolic bone disease OSTEOPOROSIS, in which bones become porous and brittle. A person, mostly women, having osteoporosis may break a hip during a fall and possibly die from complications. Birth Defects Congenital bone diseases constitute a wide spectrum, ranging from the unimportant--for instance, mild bow legs--to severe lesions, such as spina bifida, in which the lower end of the spine fails to develop properly and the baby is born with paralysis and misshapen vertebrae. Congenital diseases may have hormonal bases: for example, fibrous DYSPLASIA, in which fibrous tissue replaces that of some bones, often results in bone deformity; in addition, some girls with this disease physically mature so early that they are capable of pregnancy and childbirth at the age of seven. Congenital defects also may have genetic bases, as in families who have extra fingers or toes or in the disease osteogenesis imperfecta, in which children have such brittle bones that many are fractured. Disorders of growth and development include several kinds of dwarfism and gigantism. Bones or limbs may develop deformity as the result of known causes, such as the infection poliomyelitis, or unknown or variable causes, such as curvature of the spine (SCOLIOSIS) or CLUBFOOT. Infections Infections of bone, called osteomyelitis, are usually caused by pus-producing bacteria, especially Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Before the development of antibiotics, children frequently contracted this disease. Today bone infections are introduced primarily through fractures and during surgical operations. People infected with syphilis, tuberculosis, leprosy, or yaws are susceptible to bone damage. Metabolic Disorders Metabolic abnormalities often involve defects in the storage of minerals, particularly calcium and phosphate ions, in the skeleton. Diseases of the kidney can cause a metabolic imbalance of phosphate and calcium so that weakening of the bone occurs. Other metabolic bone diseases are osteoporosis, gout, OSTEOARTHRITIS, and PAGET'S DISEASE. Nutritional Disorders Nutritional deficiencies that result in bone damage include RICKETS in children and osteomalacia in adults, caused by a lack of vitamin D. In children, calcium and phosphate are poorly distributed on bones during development, resulting especially in deformity of the legs and arms. In adults, bones of the spine, pelvis, and legs become demineralized and the bones weaken. SCURVY--caused by a lack of vitamin C--also affects bone tissues. A study in the late 1980s indicated that the mineral boron is nutritionally important, as well. Apparently, it reduces loss of the bone minerals

Making it in America Essay

In the article Making it in America Adam Davidson takes time to interview different employees at Standard Motor Products to determine how it is treating them and how factories are changing in time. Adam is receiving a tour of the plant by manager Tony Scalzitti where he sees many factory workers in blue lab coats, hair nets, and protective eyewear. This is where Adam first runs into Madelyn Parlier. Madelyn Parlier was a 22-year-old woman working in the assembly line at the factory. Her occupation was seemed to be an unskilled job and didn’t require much education or experience. It was all about quickness and effectiveness for Madelyn and that was something she was great at. Madelyn grew up in Greenville, SC and was attending high school and planning on going to college when she got pregnant her senior year. Because of this she couldn’t go to college so like most people there she got a job working at the local Standard factory. Madelyn’s job was to run the laser-wielding machine. aAll she did was place the parts in the machine and press a button for them to be wielded and if correct a green light appears and she passes the part to the next line in process. With this being such an unskilled job there is always that chance of Madelyn being replaced by a robotic arm or machinery that can do this job for her and in turn create less wages for the company to pay for. Over the last 30 years employment of people in factories have gone down 1/3 because of machinery and computers taking their places in line. They are more productive and less cost effective than a worker. Then Adam meets up with a new skilled employee Luke Hutchins who operates the machinery on the weekends. Luke’s job is considered a skilled job because he had to attend 6 semesters of college to learn the computers language to be able to work the machinery. Luke operates a few machines at a time constantly checking the fuel injectors to make sure the machines are cutting the parts just perfect. His job is secure and can’t be replaced by a computer for the time being. Adam tracks down the owners of Standard and finds out they are based out of Long Island City, Queens. There Adam discovers the history of the company and how a man named Elias Fife a Jewish immigrant first set up the company. Through time other similar competitors had to sell or close and Standard stuck out through the times and had to sell its main building in NY to other locations to cut on costs. The company almost went bankrupt in the 1990s but managed to stay afloat and is now one of the biggest aftermarket manufacturing companies in the world. Adam sits in a meeting with two engineers from the company John Gasiewski and Marty Doelger. They where going over a new crankshaft sensor and figuring out if it would be a benefit for the company to start to produce them. They in turn said it was very cost effective to start to produce them because they weren’t as finely shaped as the fuel injectors and could be produced at on of the offshore factories. Although this benefits the company it also takes jobs away from America and moves them offshore. Overall Adam discovered how much job opportunities in factories have been declining over the last couple of years. Whether it be to new machinery coming in to do someone’s job or bringing the work offshore so Americans don’t have the opportunity to work. Something is going to have to change or at some point it will all be machinery running the factories.

Department management- Case Analysis Essay

1. Receiving a Holiday Gift 1. For the first case, it is clearly stated that a supplier sends a basket of expensive food stuffs to our home during Christmas. By applying principle of love we would be kind enough to appreciate the basket of expensive foodstuffs given to us. We would thank the supplier for that beautiful card and gift given to us for Christmas. After appreciating the token we would ask him the reason and motive behind such an expensive foodstuff delivery. And based on the suppliers answers we would take the next step. 2. Sales Expense The second case is stating that a purchasing manager would give us their first order, expecting that we will agree to make a donation of P2, 000 to his favorite charity, a local youth sports team. By applying principle of double effect we would not accept this kind of order. The situation here is that if we follow one condition the other is ours automatically. The thing with this case is that the manager is expecting something in return to the first order he would give to us. A donation is given by a person freely and willingly. From all the reasons stated above, we do not agree to have an order by the purchasing manager who is expecting us to make a donation of P2, 000 donations to his favorite charity. 3. Sales Expense Reimbursement This case states that an agent of the Southeast Asia wants us to reimburse the customer executive from the Southeast Asia for all his expenses, including some which violates are company’s policies. The agent assures us to reimburse the expenses later. By applying the principle of truth and loyalty we would never accept to go against our company rules. We would choose to go on the right path than to follow the wrong one. Being disloyal to our own company would be a big disgrace to our inner conscience because this very company gives us money to live our lives peacefully and if we betray our company they can do the same to us one day. It is because truth can never be hidden for a long time. 4. References This case is asserting that a long time customer of ours had a bad experience with one of our competitors. Then a prospective client calls us and asks about the reputation of the said competitor. For this particular case we would bring to our clients notice the very bad experience of our long time customer with the competitor’s reputation. By applying intellectual responsibility principle we would try to look deep into this matter so as to know the whole truth because we believe what we see. We will try and investigate about it so that there are no doubts left within our minds and so that we can inform our client correctly about the competitor’s reputation. So all that we would report to our client would depend on what we investigate. 5. Conflict of Interest The last case states that the department manager will be hosting an informal celebration in the office and the food budget is $200. Then a neighbor of ours wants to supply the food because she has just started her own catering business. But because it is just her first time, she’ll do it at cost but will provide extra items at no charge. By applying the principle of love we would be kind enough to let our neighbor arrange food for the informal celebration held in the office because according to us our neighbor wants her cookery products to be known to people so as to expand her business; so that she can create demand for her products amongst the people. She would never take this responsibility if she was not confident about the food cooked in here catering. If she being the owner of the business is assuring us to serve us her best then why not allow her to provide food for the informal celebration. We do not mind the cost being going a bit high for the celebration as long as o ur neighbor is guaranteeing to serve extra items for free.